TOWARDS PHONETIC-PHONOLOGICAL AND SEMANTIC ADAPTATION OF HYBRID TOPONYMS CONTAINING LOAN ANTROPHONYMS

Abstract

Observation of the loan anthroponyms containing hibrid (so called cross-bred) toponyms show that in toponyms derived from word combination two-membered (binominal) nouns of the managed determiner are sticking out. In the basic models of hybrid toponyms, however, one of the component (mostly the first, in other words, anthroponym used as toponym) appears mainly from Georgian-Zan (directly or indirectly), from Turkish (via Karachay-Balkar, Khumikh…) as a phonetically-semantically unchanged form (for example: Aleksandre, Arsena, Nikoloz, Petre, Rostom, Soslan…) as well as various phonetic variants or semantic nuances (modified data). According to the special literature, the wide spread of Turkish anthroponyms and generally, proper nouns marked with formants -xan, -yan, -bi... in the Svan language is as a result of relation to the languages of the North Caucasus - Circasian-Kabardian, Karachay and Balkar and also socio-economic, cultural contacts. 

Some loan roots contain morphological elements characteristic of the Svan language: palatal, velar or labial umlaut, long vowels, anaptyxis elemens and so on. In addition, in one part of loan anthroponyms the following phonetic processes are quite relevant: Africatization-disafricatization, voiced consonants, devoicing, interchanging of consonants (sonant) l/m/n/r, reduction processes in heavy and light forms, getting and losing sounds, rarely, but we have loan anthroponyms formed by the suffixes of the diminutive.